最近由于一些原因，一直在研究serverless及相关的技术实现和原理。
从传统SOA架构到容器架构，再到serverless，里面的架构演进历史对于一个亲历者来说感触颇多，下面我们就来简单聊聊传统SOA和面向服务的架构演进，帮助大家更好的理解其中的概念，本人水平有限，如有错误烦请各位大佬指正。
当我们提到SOA（Service-Oriented Architecture）架构的时候想到的是什么？松耦合（Loosely Coupled）？服务拆解？面向服务？
其实个人觉得相对于单机架构来讲，SOA架构解决的是业务可用性，相关服务的水平扩展，以及资源再利用，管制，流程审核等等等。这点其实和当今很火的微服务概念很像，都是以服务作为单位，都比较在意服务的治理和服务复用，微服务其实也是在SOA上做的改进，当然微服务更多强调的是“业务需要彻底的组件化和服务化”，其实本人多Spring Cloud等一些JAVA系的产物并没有什么好感，如果希望拿到一个高性能的RPC框架，可以尝试 TARS 。
那么一个完整的SOA架构体系是怎么样的呢？
如上图所示，SOA架构就是这样的，通过各个服务模块，将较为复杂的业务拆分治理，它的特点是服务是无状态的，即服务在被调用前后本身没有变化，且同一个服务允许同时在多台计算机上运行。那么正是因为如此，就诞生了一系列的中间件产品比如服务总线（service bus），API 网关（API Gateway），消息队列（MQ/kafka）
API网关在SOA/微服务架构的示意图
消息队列在SOA/微服务架构的示意图
这就是传统SOA和中间件的相关说明。
那么我们再来聊聊容器把，众所周知，容器这个概念也是最近才火起来的，依赖与Kubernetes （K8s）的容器编排工具，容器由于其低廉的使用成本，高可用的扩展性，持续交付能力等等，越来越多的企业开始使用并大规模部署容器，最典型的应该是斗鱼，虎牙等一些系列老SOA架构上容器的业务改造。
但是大多数的企业其实对容器的玩法是有误解的，容器单位其实本质是为了方便单个服务的拆解， 看到有很多企业拿容器当KVM那种虚拟化的主机使用，所以吐槽下。
容器和普通KVM，Xen等虚拟化的区别我想大家应该都差不多略有了解，这块就不在展开叙述了。我们来重点说说Kubernetes容器编排对于传统SOA架构的意义和价值。
Kubernetes属于主从分布式架构，主要由Master Node和Worker Node组成，以及包括客户端命令行工具kubectl和其它附加项。Master Node：作为控制节点，对集群进行调度管理；Master Node由API Server、Scheduler、Cluster State Store和Controller-Manger Server所组成；
Worker Node：作为真正的工作节点，运行业务应用的容器；Worker Node包含kubelet、kube proxy和Container Runtime；kubectl：用于通过命令行与API Server进行交互，而对Kubernetes进行操作，实现在集群中进行各种资源的增删改查等操作；
Add-on：是对Kubernetes核心功能的扩展，例如增加网络和网络策略等能力。
那么从上面可知，Kubernetes更多的意义在于对传统SOA的服务器层级做改造，实现自动化部署容器，水平扩容，负载均衡等等分布式的部署环境，这样一方面实现了所谓的“高内聚，松耦合”，另一方面简化了传统SOA的服务器层级的管理。由于集群的特性，可以将业务模型拆分为更细颗粒度的面向服务。
总的来说，不论是Docker，Dubbo还是上升到Kubernetes，他们实现的更多替代的是对服务器层级的集群调度，分布式方面的改造，更多的意义是基于传统SOA做的优化和改进。
那么我们再来看看今天的重头戏，Serverless 。
AWS 的 AWS Lambda 在 Serverless 界是有统治地位的，但是由于各种原因，AWS Lambda 在中国国内鲜为人知，它的理念更多是提倡弱后端，弱运维，以最小的成本来实现业务功能。来用一个很短的视频看下把
它所提倡的更多是函数的概念，可以理解为将K8S的Worker Node封装成简一的单个函数，从而实现单任务，无状态的函数工作流。当然，每家的Serverless架构实现都不尽相同，所以不太可能都依赖于K8s实现，但是不论BaaS或者FaaS基础能力和特性都是一样的。
除了AWS Lambda 还有腾讯云的 SCF，阿里云的函数计算等等，其实Serverless更多看的还是基于Serverless所做的产品附加功能，比如 AWS DynamoDB，AWS API Gateway等等一系列的附加功能，来实现Serverless的易用化与独立性。最近腾讯云出了 SCF （HTTP）版的云函数，可以直接通过HTTP访问请求，感兴趣的童鞋可以去看看。
所以 Serverless 相对于容器，传统SOA不论从设计架构，纬度，和应用方法上都不尽相同，Serverless将SOA的服务概念，容器的工作节点概念，拆分到函数，这就代表如果使用Serverless必须实现业务的云原生，最简单的例子就是如果要把一个单体应用拆分成10个容器，100个函数，并且每个都具有独立的部署周期以及复杂的依赖图，配合成熟健壮的CI/CD以及自动化的系统。把这些和Serverlss一起使用的时候，将会大幅提升敏捷性和创新性，但是如果仅仅只有其中一个，那么带来的损失远大于收益。
Serverless 的使用是有门槛的，尤其对于一些现在还在沿用单体架构的企业来说，如果没有任何Docker/Kubernetes的实施经历。那么就不该从Serverless开始。
如上，就是我对SOA，容器，Serverless的一些思考，最后的最后，如果自己想架构一个独立的Serverless框架应该如何实现呢？
给大家介绍一个Serverless开源框架——Fission
它的架构如下：
简单来说就是一个Web应用，Go语言编写，使用gorilla框架。不过它的模板引擎替换成了Kubernetes中的Service。使用k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes接口来操控。
感谢大佬们来看我的长篇大论，本人水平有限，如有错误，烦请务必指正~~
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